The “new national standard†of mahogany announced by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the National Standardization Administration will be officially implemented on August 1 this year. What is the driving force for the introduction of the “new national standard†for mahogany, and what are the disputes about the “new national standard†in the industry? Why is redwood so red? Who drives the price of mahogany and mahogany furniture to ride the roller coaster behind the scenes? The implementation of the "new national standard" can effectively curb the chaos in the mahogany market and protect the healthy and orderly development of the mahogany furniture industry? The "New National Standard" and "General Technical Conditions for Redwood Furniture" (GB28010-2011) promulgated by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the National Standardization Administration will be officially implemented on August 1 this year. For the increasingly popular but chaotic mahogany furniture market in recent years, the introduction of the new national standard means wearing more new gold hoops while picking up an old gold hoop. Different from the old national standard restrictions on tree species, the new national standard advocates the development and use of new mahogany wood. This is undoubtedly good news in the context of the growing scarcity and rising prices of the original “5 genera and 8†mahogany wood. Since the old national standard only stipulates the types of redwood, tree species and materials, mahogany furniture can only refer to the industry standard of "Dark and expensive hardwood furniture" in the past. The new national standard not only contains the definition, scope and terminology of mahogany furniture, but also includes specific requirements, quality indications, test methods, inspection rules and many other contents. The mahogany furniture industry will face more stringent and regulated regulations. "New National Standard" introduced background Xiao Zhaoxing, president of Dayong Hongmu Furniture Association, and Cao Xinmin, chief engineer of Zhongshan Hongmu Furniture Engineering Technology Research Center, participated in the revision of "Dark and expensive hardwood furniture" and the drafting of "General technical conditions of mahogany furniture" . Cao Xinmin said that there is no species of redwood in the world's biological species. In the beginning, some trees were planted in a circle to regulate the industry. If it continues to frame it within a certain range, it is not conducive to the development of the industry. “When traditional materials such as red sandalwood and huanghuali are gradually in short supply in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, hardwood furniture will continue to develop. At that time, whether it was the upper class or the general consumer, the demand for hardwood furniture was objective. Therefore, it is necessary to seek New tree species replace it. From the commonality of the physical characteristics of these alternative woods, the concept of mahogany is produced. As a cultural concept, it contains the physical characteristics of wood of rosewood and rosewood. The description of which tree species, but the hardwood furniture made from wood with this physical characteristics is called mahogany furniture." Cao Xinmin said. "If we only use furniture made of wood such as red sandalwood and huanghuali as hardwood furniture, hardwood furniture can't go down in the late Ming and Qing Dynasties. Therefore, the concept of redwood, from the day it was produced, There is a trend of development.†Due to the rapid development of the mahogany furniture industry, strong consumer demand, and widening of the production materials, the original industry standards have not adapted to the new development needs. With the deepening of the contradiction between the mahogany market and the original standard, many people in the industry believe that the establishment of a new standard in the mahogany industry has become a top priority. However, mandatory standards involve many interests of regions, enterprises, consumers, etc., and most of the mahogany materials are tropical forest resources. They are highly concerned by national environmental agencies and international organizations. Whether to increase materials and modify national standards can be considered internationally. Comprehensive, and this also increases the difficulty of the introduction of the new national standard. In the call of the industry, in 2008, the National Development and Reform Commission issued new industry standards, the first to amend the 1998 "Dark and expensive hardwood furniture" (QB/T2385-1998), expanding the main materials of dark and expensive hardwood furniture Scope, the provisions of the national standard are not allowed to leave a little white skin has been revised and relaxed. For the implementation of the new national standard of mahogany, Jiang Hengfu, secretary-general of the traditional furniture committee of China Furniture Association, said: “This standard is the first Chinese traditional hardwood furniture standard, including mahogany. It is used to standardize the entire traditional hardwood industry. As a mandatory standard, its implementation will increase the regulation of industrial enterprises, and will play an active role in safeguarding corporate interests and protecting consumer rights, as well as promoting the healthy development of the mahogany furniture industry." The industry is concerned that the new national standard is different from the previous industry standards for tree species restrictions, advocate the development and use of new types of mahogany wood, and requires pre-production materials to be tested. Some experts pointed out that when the traditional old mahogany can not meet the production, the new mahogany variety is bound to appear, which is also destined to be limited to the traditional 5 genera, 8 categories and 33 species. The story behind "Redwood" Cao Xinmin believes that mahogany and mahogany furniture belong to the concept of culture. Mahogany furniture is a term used in traditional Chinese hardwood furniture. It originated from the folk and was eventually widely used. Under different historical periods, different regions and different regional cultural conditions, people's understanding of redwoods is different. By reading a large amount of literature and history materials, Cao Xinmin found that there was no concept of mahogany in the furniture terminology of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The concept of redwood first appeared in the literature of the early Republic of China. During the Republic of China, Haipai furniture called hardwood furniture called red rosewood furniture and mahogany furniture. In the same period, the largest coastal area of ​​mahogany furniture and the highest output of Guangdong coastal areas did not have the concept of mahogany furniture. In Guangzhou, he has been a member of the mahogany furniture craftsman and business operator. He has been engaged in the mahogany furniture industry for 50 years. He has witnessed the process of popularization of the folklore of mahogany furniture. In 1962, Zhao Zhanhui, a graduate of secondary school, worked at the then collective enterprise Guangzhou Wood Carving Factory. In the work, the most contact with Zhao Zhanhui is rosewood and rosewood. "In Guangdong, the rosewood furniture is the rosewood furniture, the rosewood is the rosewood. The export project is also the rosewood furniture, and there is no collective name." Zhao Zhanhui said. When Zhao Zhanhui officially engaged in traditional furniture design work, the “Cultural Revolution†had just begun. During the “Cultural Revolution†period, “breaking four olds†and “rebels†confiscated the rosewood furniture of the affected rich people’s family and moved to the Tsuen Wan Stadium to “stack upâ€. In the later period of the “Cultural Revolutionâ€, the policy was slightly liberalized. Since I realized that this thing has a market in foreign countries, I can earn some foreign exchange. Some old furniture stores with business qualifications sell good ones to foreign businessmen, and bad ones move. Go home and burn or destroy firewood. Zhao Zhanhui’s factory is a collective enterprise that creates foreign exchange for the country and still produces it as usual. When exporting, I still wrote "sour-skin furniture", but the "rebels" said that they would "break". The foreign trade department began to publicly solicit opinions on the names of these furniture. "Beijing was called hardwood furniture at the time. Although there is the concept of old mahogany, but it refers to rosewood alone; Shanghai also has called mahogany, and it does not say which is mahogany." Zhao Zhanhui said, "Finally, the rebels said: Since the furniture color is Red, the concept of mahogany in the north, red represents revolutionary, so renamed mahogany furniture." The name of mahogany furniture began to spread in the coastal areas of Guangdong. The redwood family wants to expand? There has been controversy about the scope of redwood. Zhao Zhanhui said: "At that time, there was no industry standard. What kind of wood was called mahogany furniture, the market was very chaotic. Because the concept of mahogany was vague, some consumers felt that they were deceived and complained a lot. The quality supervision department and light industry Departments, industry and commerce departments, etc., how to position the concept of mahogany furniture, opinions are not uniform." In order to regulate the market, the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision promulgated and implemented the "Redwood National Standard" (GB/T18107-2000) in 2000, clearly It is stipulated that mahogany is a proprietary and specific noun. It does not refer to all red wood, nor does it include all high-grade furniture materials. The category of mahogany is defined in 5 categories, 8 categories and 8 categories; and dark hardwood furniture is specified. In products, products that meet the national standards can be called mahogany furniture products. An industry insider said: "The 5 categories and 8 categories are based on the furniture wood in the Forbidden City. In the past, there was no such ability to cut, transport, and this detection capability, and there was not much good on the earth. Resources. So, setting such a standard with many limitations, this is equivalent to giving the industry a circle. In addition to these categories, there are more precious trees outside the Forbidden City, the material may be better." Old National Standard There are 33 species of 5 genera, 8 classes, and most of them are almost extinct and endangered wood species. It is also from the year 2000 issued by the national standard that the prices of these 33 kinds of mahogany furniture have risen rapidly. Today, Hainan huanghuali is the most expensive wood, and it has not been cut down. Some prices have exceeded 10 million yuan / ton. “Many consumers don’t buy furniture, they buy wood. When they look at furniture, the first thing to ask about is wood. They never ask who is carving this furniture. It’s too small to look at the wood too. Important," said the source. The birth of the "new national standard" seems to open a door and window for the expansion of the Redwood family. But in fact, the "new national standard" does not exactly state the expansion. Then, in the "new national standard", is there any suggestion to "expand the scope of tree species" and use new materials? Jiang Hengfu answered this question: "As a basic standard, the standard does not define the scope of the tree species of mahogany furniture, and there is no such thing as expanding the scope of the tree species." The timber industry research expert of the Chinese Academy of Forestry, the first draft of the "China Redwood Standard" In an interview with the media, Yang Jiaxuan mentioned that it is sooner or later to develop and use new redwood species. However, based on the current unsound market conditions, it is not only difficult to increase the difficulty of detecting and identifying tree species in the country. It will also confuse consumers and lead to more chaotic market order. Expanding tree species must be judged from scientific data and should not be rushed. However, the "new national standard" to expand the new tree species has been gone in the industry. In this regard, Shanghai senior mahogany player Guo Jiayi believes that the current mahogany market is chaotic, the fish are mixed, and the real thing is happening. Therefore, the vague rhetoric of the new national standard is not only difficult to clarify the market of Yunshan fog cover, but also highly stimulate the imagination of the business. Use "develop new tree species" to rationalize counterfeit products. "There has been a manufacturer who told me that with the 'new national standard', there will be disputes in the future. For example, if the furniture accessories are doped with other hardwoods, they can say that they have followed the 'new national standard' and developed new tree species. It is much easier to escape the allegations of fraud, because most consumers may not know if there are any expanded trees in the 'new national standard'." (Editor: JN101)
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