Aerospace Science and Technology Group began to develop combined power aircraft
China's "combined power aircraft" project has begun to develop, which means that the cost and threshold of ordinary people entering space is expected to be greatly reduced. Zhang Yong, deputy general researcher at the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation's First Hospital R&D Center, said that in the future, the aircraft will allow ordinary passengers to enter space as if they were flying.
Zhang Yong introduced that combined power is a new type of power. The basic principle is to integrate different power modes such as rocket engine, ramjet engine and aero engine, and learn from each other.
It is understood that the combined power aircraft uses an aero-turbine engine or an aspirating rocket engine with high performance under low-speed flight conditions at the time of take-off; after reaching a certain speed, a ramjet adapted to fly at a high speed in the atmosphere is used. These two engines can only be used in the atmosphere, and when the aircraft reaches the adjacent space, it needs to use rocket engines to enter space. According to a researcher from the first hospital, the future combined power vehicle can realize a repeatable space transportation to and from the world.
Tan Yonghua, dean of the Sixth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, told the Science and Technology Daily that the aircraft that integrates aviation and aerospace power technology will be the long-term development goal of achieving complete reusability of space transportation. At present, researchers have proposed concepts such as rocket-based combined power (RBCC) and turbo-based combined power (TBCC). With the increasing trend of aerospace integration and the growing trend of adjacent space development, combined power technology has become the frontier and hot spot of power research.
In introducing the status quo of international related technology research, Tan Yonghua said that in the rocket technology, most of the key technologies involved in turning traditional one-off rockets into reusable rockets have been broken.
At the same time, Tan Yonghua revealed that China has a large amount of technical reserves for reusable rockets, and initially has the conditions for carrying out engineering research. The new liquid rocket engine used in China's new generation of launch vehicles has a certain reusability.
In terms of ramjet engines, according to informed sources, the development of new ramjet engines in China has achieved success and has entered the practical application stage.
The ramjet engine is the ideal power for high-sonic flight in the atmosphere. The working principle is that when the aircraft is flying, the oncoming airflow converts the kinetic energy into pressure energy during the process of passing through the intake passage, and the compressed air enters the combustion chamber and is mixed with the fuel for isostatic combustion, and the generated high-temperature gas expands and accelerates in the nozzle. After the discharge, the thrust is generated.
Zhang Yong said that unlike the rocket to carry a large amount of oxidant, the ramjet engine can use the oxygen in the air as an oxidant to chemically react with the combustion agent carried by itself and generate thrust, thus achieving light loading.
The reporter learned that China's research on ramjet engines has been carried out for many years. Early product speeds were about 3 times the speed of sound, and the new ramjet engine that has been successfully developed has a speed of 4.5 times the speed of sound. In the future, the speed is expected to reach 7 times or even 10 times the speed of sound.
Compared with the current rockets that are the main force of space transportation, the future combined-powered aircraft has many characteristics. In addition to being reusable, it does not need to demand the launch site conditions, but can use the ordinary airport to achieve horizontal take-off and landing like an airplane, which can reduce the cost of aerospace activities and lay the foundation for flight. The traditional rocket has no turning back. The buffer-accelerated combined-powered aircraft can return if it encounters problems, which will further ensure the safety of manned space activities. In addition, the rocket accelerates too fast, which will cause the astronaut to bear a load that exceeds several times the weight. The combined power aircraft works with a variety of engines to reduce the overload to the range that ordinary people can withstand, making passengers feel like flying. Just as comfortable.
Zhang Yong said that China plans to master the key technologies related to combined power vehicles in three to five years, and it is expected to achieve sub-orbital applications and orbital applications around 2030.
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