Photoconversion of plants can increase the energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells

Photovoltaic cells are an option for clean energy in the future, but the low energy conversion rate is a problem that has plagued us. How can we solve this? The research team at the University of California, Riverside, has discovered that the mysteries of plant photosynthesis may be to solve this problem. The key lies.

The Assistant Professor at the University of California, Riverside, combined photosynthesis with physics. The results show that solar cells can be made more efficient. The results of the study were recently published in "Nano Letter" magazine.

Nathan Gabor had focused on condensed matter physics and soon became interested in photosynthesis. In the past six years, he began to rethink the issue of solar energy conversion: Can we replace solar cell materials with materials that can absorb solar radiation more effectively? Gabor said: “The plants have achieved this goal through continuous evolution. However, currently available solar cells have a conversion efficiency of only 20% at most, and they cannot control sudden changes in solar energy.” This greatly wastes the energy of the sun and hinders the spread of solar cells as an energy source.

Gabor and other professors designed a new type of "quantum thermal power photovoltaic cell" to solve the problem of energy conversion, this photovoltaic cell can control the flow of energy in solar cells. This design incorporates a thermal generator and a photovoltaic cell that can absorb photons of solar radiation and convert it into electrical energy.

Surprisingly, the researchers found that this battery can regulate and convert solar energy without the need for active feedback or adaptive control mechanisms. Currently, in the conventional photovoltaic technology used on rooftops and solar farms, the solar power must be changed. It depends on transformers and feedback controllers for control, but this greatly reduces the overall efficiency of solar power generation.

The goal of the research team is to design a simplest photovoltaic cell that can match the energy in the solar radiation with the average power requirements and can control the energy fluctuations to avoid excess energy accumulation.

The researchers compared two of the simplest quantum-mechanical photovoltaic cell systems: photovoltaic cells only absorb light of a single color, while the other cell absorbs light of two colors. They found that by simply changing the photon absorption channel into two, the photovoltaic cell naturally regulates the energy flow.

The basic working principle is that one channel absorbs wavelengths with high average power and the other absorbs wavelengths with low average power. In this way, the photovoltaic cell can switch between high power and low power, thereby converting different power solar energy into stable energy output.

When Gabor and his team used these simple models to measure the solar spectrum on the surface of the Earth, they found that the absorption rate of green light, that is, the part that can absorb the wavelength per unit, had no effect on the adjustment of energy and should therefore be excluded. Go out. They optimized the photovoltaic cell parameters from the system to reduce solar fluctuations, and they found that the absorbed spectrum was almost the same as that observed in green plant photosynthesis.

Researchers have shown that the ability of quantum thermal power photovoltaic cells to regulate energy may be the key to unlocking the photosynthesis of plants, and it can also explain the advantages of green plants on the earth.

Other researchers have recently discovered that several molecular structures in plants, including chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B, play a crucial role in preventing excessive energy accumulation in plants. Without these molecules, excessive energy accumulation may occur. Will kill them. Researchers at Riverside found that the molecular structure of the photovoltaic cells they studied was very similar to that of chlorophyll in photosynthesis.

The hypothesis proposed by the Gabor team first combined quantum mechanics with green plants, and at the same time provided a set of clear research programs for researchers who examined natural regulation. What's more, their design allows the detection of no-energy input. This procedure makes the quantum structure of photovoltaic cells possible from a manufacturing perspective.

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