Smart Lock Working Principle Analysis Smart Lock Basic Workflow Technical Principle Introduction
What is the smart lock working principle? What is the principle of smart lock technology? For professionals, understanding the working principle of smart locks is not difficult, each technology has a large number of data queries, but for ordinary users who want to understand smart locks, understanding the general principle is more conducive to understanding the industry. Learn about the use and maintenance of smart locks. Here's a brief introduction to the working principle and hardware components of the smart lock.
Basic structure of smart lock hardware structure
The smart password lock system consists of a smart monitor and an electronic lock. The two are placed off-site, and the intelligent monitor supplies the power required by the electronic lock and receives the alarm information and status information it sends. Here, line reuse technology is used to make the power supply and information transmission share a two-core cable, which improves the reliability and security of the system.
Smart lock works principle1. The basic principle of smart monitor
The intelligent monitor consists of a single-chip microcomputer, clock, keyboard, LCD display, memory, demodulator, line multiplexing and monitoring, A/D conversion, and buzzer. It mainly completes the communication with the electronic locks, intelligent analysis, and the safety monitoring of communication lines.
The intelligent monitor is always in the receiving state and receives the alarm information and status information sent by the electronic lock in a fixed format. For alarm information, sound and light alarms are immediately sent through the LCD display and the buzzer. For the status information, they are stored in memory and compared with the historical state of the electronic lock before this time, and the change trend is predicted to predict the future. Changes in status, through the LCD display to the duty staff to provide appropriate information for decision-making use. The intelligent monitor establishes communication with the electronic lock, and at the same time monitors the change of the supply current flowing through the communication line in real time through the A/D converter, thereby effectively preventing damage caused by human factors and ensuring the smoothness of the communication line.
2. The basic principle of electronic locks
The electronic lock is also based on the 51 series single-chip computer (AT89051), and is equipped with corresponding hardware circuits to complete the setting, storage, identification and display of the password, drive the electromagnetic actuator and detect its driving current value, and receive the alarm signal sent from the sensor. , send data and other functions.
The microcontroller accepts the entered code and compares it with the password stored in the EEPROM. If the password is correct, the electromagnetic actuator is unlocked; if the password is incorrect, the operator is allowed to re-enter the password, up to three times; if three times If not, the microcontroller will alert the smart monitor via the communication line. The single-chip microcomputer sends each time the unlocking operation and the drive current value of the electromagnetic actuator as status information to the intelligent monitor, and also sends the alarm information received from the sensor interface to the intelligent monitor as a basis for intelligent analysis.
Smart lock technology principle detailed analysisIn order to improve the security and reliability of smart password locks, in addition to taking measures on device selection (such as the use of devices with low power consumption and wide temperature range), some key technologies are also used in the design.
2.1 Line Multiplexing
Intelligent monitors and electronic locks are placed off-site. If the method of separating the communication line from the power supply line is used, the number of cable cores is bound to increase, and the potential safety risks increase. In this paper, line reuse technology is used, and only one two-core cable is used to achieve power supply and information transmission.
At the sending end, the electronic lock is used to boost the modulated data signal by pulse transformer T and send it out. At the receiving end, the pulse transformer T steps down the received data signal and sends it to the demodulator to reduce the carrier signal during transmission. Loss in the. In order to reduce mutual interference between communication and power supply, the selection of choke coil L and coupling capacitor C should be considered comprehensively.
Let the carrier frequency fo = 400kHz, in order to ensure that most of the signal energy is transmitted to the receiving end, take L = 33.7μH?C1 = 0.047μF.
2.2 Current Monitoring Technology
In order to prevent the man-made destruction of the communication line and the electromagnetic actuator for some reason caused the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil is too large to burn the coil, the current monitoring technology is adopted in the design of the intelligent code lock.
2.3 Data Communication and Preprocessing Technology
The intelligent monitor receives the status information sent by the lock (including the opening and closing of the lock, the first password error, the second password error, the third password error, etc.), the current value flowing through the electromagnetic actuator coil, and Read the current value of the power supply of the communication line at the moment, the three combine to form a data block, in which the operating state occupies 1 byte, the supply current occupies 2 bytes, and the coil current occupies 2 bytes. The smart monitor is always in the receiving state during communication with the electronic lock. In order to improve the communication reliability, this article adopts the repeated transmission method in the communication protocol. The electronic locks repeatedly send data for each group of data 5 times. After the intelligent monitor receives this group of data, it adopts the law of large number decoding to correct the errors. The accuracy of data reception.
In addition, in order to save memory, the received data must be preprocessed. After each data is received, the data is first compared with the set threshold. If the threshold is greater than the threshold, an over-limit alarm is issued; if less than The threshold value is compared with the same type of data received on that day, and the larger one is reserved. In this way, the data stored every day is the maximum value of the same kind of data.
The above is a detailed introduction of the working principle and technical principle of smart lock, this site will also provide detailed information and specific parameters, welcome to pay attention to smart lock Chinese network!
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