In recent years, the export of China's machine tool products has maintained a growth trend. Under the situation that the export of CNC machine tools has grown rapidly and the export of traditional products has been steadily rising, the total export volume has reached record highs. Affected by the overall recovery of the global economy and the highest growth rate in 25 years, China's metal processing machine tool exports showed a rapid growth in 2004, an increase of 42.4%. In 2005, it continued to maintain a good momentum of high growth.
First, the structure characteristics of export products
1. Traditional products are still the main commodities exported by China's machine tool tools.
According to statistics, gold cutting machine tools, cutting tools and abrasives still account for 60.9% of the total export value. Among them, traditional low-value products continue to be the main commodities for the export of machine tools in China. For example, in the export of gold cutting machine tools, the output of four types of products such as bench drill, grinder, polishing machine and sawing machine accounted for 37.88% of the total export value of metal cutting machine tools; the export of ordinary lathes accounted for 19.64% of Jinchao machine tools.
In the tool export, high-speed steel drill exports accounted for 49.1% of total tool exports. In the case of rising energy and raw material prices, vicious competition makes the profit of drill export profits basically based on tax rebates. Enterprises cannot rely on this development, and today, when global trade protection is prevalent, it is easy for the importing country to file a dumping case. It is of great significance to improve the upgrading and improvement of products.
In the abrasives export, the main products are artificial corundum and silicon carbide, which account for up to 70%. Although the export unit price has risen to a certain extent, the profit rate of enterprises has gradually increased, but the anti-dumping of individual products has become a reality. In May 2005, 18 US companies filed an anti-dumping application against the Chinese and Korean diamond circular saw blades to the US Department of Commerce. At present, our company cooperates with the China Import and Export Chamber of Commerce to respond actively. Regardless of the outcome, during the legal process that may last more than 10 months, our export of this product has been greatly affected.
In the export of woodworking machine tools, mainly sawing and processing machine tools, the export volume reached 2.1 million units, the amount is only 130 million US dollars, accounting for 49.32% of the export value of woodworking machine tools.
In the export of forming machine tools, the main products are bending machines and shearing machines, with exports of 91,510 units, US$28.82 million and 14,086 units, and US$13.46 million, respectively, accounting for 38.4% of the total export value of forming machine tools. The above-mentioned products are not high in technology and low in export efficiency, and cannot support the overall development of the industry. Therefore, all exporting enterprises must put the structure of adjusting export products to the most urgent position.
2. The export of CNC machine tools has shown good growth momentum for several consecutive years.
A good international market environment also gives the industry an opportunity to optimize the structure of its export products. The export growth rate of CNC machine tools is remarkable. In the first three quarters of 2005, a total of 32,936 CNC machine tools were exported, reaching US$156 million, up 240.7% and 97.7% respectively, accounting for 27.4% of the total export volume of metalworking machine tools. 7.2% of the export value.
The export of CNC machine tools showed a high-speed growth trend, indicating that the demand for CNC machine tools of different grades and different categories is increasing in the international market. Among them, the number of CNC special processing machine tools accounted for 90.3% of the total export of CNC machine tools, and its export value accounted for 50% of the total export value of CNC machine tools, which played a significant role in promoting the growth of CNC machine tool exports in China.
The growth rate of CNC lathes, CNC drilling machines, CNC boring machines, CNC gear processing machines, machining centers, CNC machine presses, CNC hydraulic presses and CNC die-casting machines is much lower than the growth rate of the amount, indicating the export of these categories in China. The added value of commodities has increased, and the structure of export commodities has been further upgraded and optimized.
Second, the approach and recommendations of product structure adjustment
1. Vigorously promote the export of superior products
Industry exports are driven by the main products, so it is necessary to increase the promotion of these products in the international market. A group of export-oriented products that we are proud of, mature technology, superior performance, and good price advantage, including heavy-duty machine tools: gantry milling machine, vertical car, sleeper, boring and milling machine, large mechanical press; full range of gear processing Machine tools and CNC grinding machines are promising to be new growth points for exports. Machine tools such as large-scale mechanical presses are produced by companies in only a few developed countries in the world. They are both technology-intensive and labor-intensive. The investment scale is large, so the price is expensive, so that our hardware technology is not backward, and the price advantage is very high. Big. For example, large presses have been approved by General Motors of the United States and have 2-3 lines of exports. These advantages should be further expanded.
In addition, electric machining machines, including EDM machines, fast and slow wire cutting machines; stamping machines; high-precision machine tools in recent years, exports have risen faster. Last year, the export growth of CNC machine tools was close to three times the average increase of machine tool exports in the whole industry, and its added value was obviously higher than that of traditional machine tools. Therefore, it is of great significance to continuously improve the level of our own products by taking advantage of the current opportunities for economic development in various countries and expanding the export of high value-added products in the industry.
2. Further expand the export of CNC products and cultivate new growth points for export products
Although China's current exports still rely mainly on traditional products, the export value of CNC machine tools only accounts for 27.4% of the total. However, the good news is that we have grown from exporting optical machines to exporting CNC machine tools, and the proportion of export value of CNC machine tools has increased year by year. Even so, it is necessary to further increase the intensity and adjust the structure of the exported CNC products in order to continuously improve the export efficiency of the industry.
It is necessary to increase the export strength of CNC machine tools. It is necessary to cultivate the export of high value-added products and complete sets of projects, making it a new growth point for the export of machine tool products in the coming period. Actively cultivate and develop the export of high value-added products such as large presses, heavy-duty machine tools, gear machine tools, and CNC grinding machines. To develop a complete set of technology and complete sets of engineering projects, we must cultivate a team that understands system engineering, understands technology, understands manufacturing processes, and understands domestic and foreign equipment. It establishes and develops foreign engineering contracting companies and carries out contracting business for foreign manufacturing projects.
3. Embark on a virtuous circle of introduction, absorption and innovation
It is necessary to speed up the pace of technology introduction, absorption and innovation, form a self-owned brand, and comprehensively enhance the international competitiveness of enterprises. At present, the state encourages and supports qualified enterprises to selectively acquire foreign companies in the international machine tool market to enhance their competitiveness, and at the same time, it can make a major breakthrough in the export of mechanical and electrical products. A small number of machine tool factories in China have begun to acquire foreign factories that are on the verge of bankruptcy. For example, Dalian Machine Tool Group acquired German Zimmerman Company, Shanghai Mingjing Machine Tool Company acquired Germany WOHLENBERG Company, and Shenyang Machine Tool Group acquired German Heath Company. These foreign factories have a long history and set a milestone in the development of machine tools. Therefore, the acquisition of these plants means that we have entered the international high-level machine tool manufacturing. Applying these advanced technologies to our current machine tool design, we can enter a virtuous circle from absorption to independent innovation. At the same time, we can use these brands to develop the international market.
4. Implement international brand strategy
In the machine tool industry, 12 companies have won the title of national famous brand products, but there is no international brand. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate key products and carry out key publicity for enterprises with large export volume, high technical level, high efficiency and perfect after-sales service, and increase their commendation. It is also necessary to strengthen the training of export business talents and improve their business level. Enterprises should make use of international channels, actively appear on the international stage, participate in the international machine tool exhibition, and conditional enterprises set up factories abroad, and gradually gain recognition from the international market. Thereby promoting faster growth of exports.
5. Use policies to guide the adjustment of export product structure
In order to ensure the further optimization of the structure and benefits of export products and the continuity of export growth, we suggest that the state can adjust the current tax rebate subsidies for machine tool products, so that more machine tools, parts and tools products reach a tax rebate level of 17%. However, for high-energy, high-energy, high-pollution products, such as low-grade abrasives, ordinary high-speed steel drill bits, castings, etc., should not be encouraged to export. At the same time, export enterprises should appropriately increase export prices and reduce export volume.
In order to encourage the export of high-tech products, in addition to enjoying tax rebates, it should also be rewarded and commended. For key export enterprises, preferential conditions such as the proportion of the use of export credits should be appropriately increased.
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